When considering a used Volvo XC60 from the 2013 model year, it’s important to take a comprehensive approach that includes analysis of the various trims, potential issues, and overall ownership experience. Below are detailed insights tailored to the American car market.

Trim Breakdown

The 2013 Volvo XC60 is available in three trims: 3.2, T6, and the T6 R-Design.

1. XC60 3.2

   • Engine: 3.2L inline-6
   • Weak Points:
     • This trim tends to have a less powerful engine compared to the T6, which may be a drawback for those seeking performance.
   • Common Issues:
     • Engine rough idle or vibration, typically occurring around 70,000 to 90,000 miles.

2. XC60 T6

   • Engine: 3.0L turbocharged inline-6
   • Weak Points:
     • Turbo-related issues, particularly related to the wastegate, can arise and lead to performance drops.
   • Common Issues:
     • Turbocharger failure and related decrease in power noticed around 80,000 to 100,000 miles.

3. XC60 T6 R-Design

   • Engine: Similar to T6 but with sportier tuning and styling.
   • Weak Points:
     • Sport suspension may lead to a harsher ride, and the trim sometimes has issues with premature tire wear.
   • Common Issues:
     • Suspension wear and noise, typically reported between 60,000 to 90,000 miles, particularly affecting struts and bushings.

Common Issues Across All Trims

1. Engine:

   • Common oil leaks, particularly around the valve cover and oil pan.
   • Potential failure of the PCV system, typically around 70,000 to 100,000 miles.

2. Transmission:

   • Transmission fluid leaks especially on the earlier models. Slipping gears or harsh engagement can usually start showing around 80,000 miles.

3. Suspension:

   • Issues with control arms and bushings, with wear often occurring around 70,000 to 100,000 miles.
   • Noise from the rear suspension may indicate problems with rear shock absorbers.

4. Electronics:

   • Infotainment system freezes or glitches; these can manifest around 50,000 to 80,000 miles.
   • Issues with the Bluetooth connectivity or navigation system.

Required Diagnostics

To uncover potential defects before purchasing, conduct thorough diagnostics including:

• Vehicle History Report: Obtain a full report using services like Carfax or AutoCheck to check for past accidents or major repairs.

• Diagnostic Scan: Use an OBD-II scanner to check for stored trouble codes which could indicate underlying problems.

• Fluid Check: Examine engine oil and transmission fluid to ensure proper maintenance. A burnt smell or unusually dark fluid can indicate neglect.

• Suspension Inspection: Physically check suspension components for wear or leaks. Look for signs of rust or damage in control arms and bushings.

• Test Drive: Pay attention to acceleration, braking, and overall handling. Listen for unusual sounds from the engine or suspension, and note any transmission issues like slipping or hard shifts.

• Electronics Testing: Go through the infotainment system and ensure all features work including Bluetooth, navigation, and audio.

Ownership Experience on the Secondary Market

• Fuel Efficiency: The XC60 3.2 offers around 19 MPG city and 25 MPG highway, while the T6 achieves approximately 18 MPG city and 25 MPG highway. While not class-leading, it remains competitive for a luxury SUV.

• Breakdown Frequency: Reliability ratings are average; however, common issues mean owners can expect some maintenance, particularly at higher mileages. Regular service (e.g., oil changes, brake checks) will mitigate many potential breakdowns.

• Ease of Maintenance: Routine maintenance such as oil changes, brake pads, and tire rotations are relatively easy. However, specialized repairs—especially for the turbo or suspension—can be costly.

Recommendations for Long-term Reliability & Maintenance Costs

• Regular Maintenance: Follow the scheduled maintenance from Volvo, and keep an eye on wear items like brakes and suspension components.

• Extended Warranty: Consider purchasing a vehicle with an extended warranty or seek an aftermarket plan to cover major components, especially if high mileages are evident.

• Use Genuine Parts: Stick to OEM parts for repairs to ensure quality and compatibility, reducing the risk of repeated issues.

Potential Risks When Buying a Used Vehicle

• Hidden Damage: Accidents that may not be disclosed can lead to costly repairs later on.

• Neglected Maintenance: Look for records of maintenance. A car with inconsistent service history could indicate possible problems.

Market Considerations

In the American market, parts for the Volvo XC60 are readily available through various outlets, including dealerships, reputable aftermarket suppliers, and online parts retailers. Repair costs may be higher than average due to the brand's luxury position, but owing to the popularity of the XC60, service centers specialized in Volvos are abundant, ensuring competitive pricing for maintenance.

While the XC60 provides a premium driving experience, prospective buyers should be diligent in their checks and aware of the attention needed with models from 2013 to ensure a satisfactory ownership experience.